2005. ARTISTS / INTERVENTIONS / LINKS
Compañía de Caracas Espacio Móvil www.angelabonadies.comwww.maggynavarro.com
Colectivo Tercerunquinto www.tercerunquinto.org
Fernando Baena Familias encontradashttp://www.fernandobaena.com/
Henry Eric Hernández García Zona vigilada
José Dávila Mirador Nómada
María Alos + Nicolás Dumit El museo peatonal www.longwoodarts.org/artists/nicolas www.idensitat.org/dumit/dumitcalaf.html
Óscar Lloveras Sin títulohttp://oscarlloveras.com/
Raimond Chaves El río, las cosas que pasan www.puiqui.com www.lascosasquepasan.net Rebekka Reich + Anne Lorenz Taxi Madrid www.rebekkareich.dewww.annelorenz.ch www.taximadrid.com Simon Greenan + Christopher Sperandio Soy Madrid www.kartoonkings.com www.soymadrid.com
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2005. TV2 / Metrópolis (Madrid Abierto)
Video report about the Madrid Abierto´s 2005 Edition made and broadcast by Metropolis on TV2
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2007. Jorge Díez. PRESENTATION
MADRID ABIERTO is an international artistic initiatives programme which is held throughout the month of February in the junction Paseo de la Castellana-Recoletos-Prado since 2004. It is an avenue for approaching the interpretation and comprehension of how the public space is constructed from the sphere of art. Since its first open invitation announcement it has received more than 1.200 proposals. Out of all the projects presented, 29 were exhibited in the previous three editions and 13 will be exhibited this year, selected by different juries comprised by international experts.
Organised by the Cultural Association MADRID ABIERTO, the 2007 edition of the programme is promoted by the Altadis Foundation, the Department of Culture and Sport of the Autonomous Community of Madrid and the Governing Department for the Arts of the City Council of Madrid, with the collaboration of the Telefónica Foundation, La Casa Encendida of Obra Social Caja Madrid, the Ministry of Culture, ARCO, Radio 3 of RNE, Círculo de Bellas Artes, Canal Metro, Cemusa, Centro Cultural de la Villa of Madrid, Remo, Mediazero and Metro.
For this fourth edition, which will be held from the 1st to the 28th of February, a total of 658 projects were presented; 471 for the general invitation, 61 for the façade of La Casa de América, 28 for the façade of Círculo de Bellas Artes, 74 works for Canal Metro and 24 sonorous initiatives for Radio 3. The breakdown by countries of the projects presented is as follows: Spain (174), Italy (46), USA (46), Mexico (40), Argentina (33), Germany (28), Colombia (28), France (25), Brazil (18), Canada (16), Cuba (16), Ecuador (14), Chile (13), The Netherlands (13), Portugal (12), Ireland (9), Sweden (9), United Kingdom (9), Venezuela (9), Japan (7), Austria (6), Yugoslavia (6), Australia (5), Peru (5), Belgium (4), Costa Rica (4), Finland (4), Norway (4), Poland (4), Turkey (4), China (3), Croatia (3), Slovenia (3), Russia (3), Switzerland (3), Uruguay (3), Bulgaria (2), El Salvador (2), Georgia (2), Guatemala (2), India (2), Iceland (2), Israel (2), New Zealand (2), Czech Republic (2), Cyprus (1), Denmark (1), Estonia (1), The Philippines (1), Greece (1), Hungary (1), Latvia (1), Lithuania (1), The Dominican Republic (1), Serbia (1) and Singapore (1).
The selection committee was comprised by Juan Antonio Álvarez-Reyes (curator of Madrid Abierto 2007), Ramon Parramon (director of Idensitat), Cecilia Andersson (director of Werk) and Guillaume Désanges (co-ordinator of art projects in Les Laboratoires D’Aubervilliers, Ille de France). We declared the project for the façade of Círculo de Bellas Artes unfulfilled and pre-selected thirty projects, from which the curator finally selected Fernando(We were young. Full of life. None of us prepared to die) by the collective Discoteca Flaming Star; proyecto_nexus* by the collective [nexus*] art group; I Lay My Ear To Furious Latin by Ben Frost; Rezos/Prayers by Dora García;Pictures by Mandla Reuter; Guantanamera by Alonso Gil and Francis Gomila and Short Circuit/Cortocircuito by Dirk Vollenbroich. In addition to these seven selected projects, the current edition is complemented by other projects from artists invited by the curator: Dan Perjovschi, Susan Philipsz, Johanna Billing, Leopold Kessler, Oswaldo Maciá and Annika Ström. Through this mixed selection model our intention is to continue to make progress in our objective of broadening each annual proposal of MADRID ABIERTO.
In this year’s edition, for the first time, two specific invitations for audiovisual and sonorous works were announced, which were selected by the curator, myself, Arturo Rodríguez and José Iges. The following 11 works were selected for projecting on Canal Metro: Rothkovisión 3.0 by Daniel Silvo; Mierda de caballos y príncipes by Fernando Baena; Rest by Carolina Jonsson; Every Word is becoming by Alexander Vaindorf; Alpenflug (Alpine Flight) by Juan Carlos Robles; Himno by Cristian Villavicencio; PlasmaLux06-7 by Tanja Vujinovic-Zvonka Simcic; Mis Quince by Alfredo Pérez; Lucía by Pere Ginard and Laura Ginés; Candy by Mai Yamashita and Naoto Kobayashi and The Toro’s Revenge by María Cañas. For broadcasting on Radio 3, the following 8 works were selected: Am I walking by Jouni Tauriainen; Bendicho juez de la verdad by Eldad Tsabary; Reiterations (Elizabeth Street) by Sonia Leber and David Chesworth; Postal Densa. Postal Sonora. Madrid-Bogotá by Mauricio Bejarano; Alkaline by Paul Devens; Funkenspiel by David Halsell; Poema Jazz (a Clara Gari) by Luis Eligio Pérez and BihotzBi by Zuriñe Gerenabarrena.
Likewise, following on with the work of the previous editions, E451 continues to develop the graphic image and web page and, for the second year running, together with various debate tables on public art, the selected artists will present their work in La Casa Encendida on the 1st and 2nd of February.
We are continuing the process of creating an initiative of a scale manageable by a small team without a permanent or continuous structure, based on an open invitation announcement geared towards the production of ephemeral or temporary projects for the public space of the city of Madrid.
Jorge Díez
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2007. Fernando Baena (Cv)
CÓRDOBA, ESPAÑA, 1962 LIVES AND WORKS IN MADRIDWORK EXPOSED IN MADRID ABIERTO: MIERDA DE CABALLOS Y PRÍNCIPES / FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS
EDUCATION· Fine Arts Degree from the Complutense University of Madrid, 1985· Doctorate Courses, Complutense University of Madrid, 1990-91.
COURSES AND WORKSHOPS1996 · Philosophy Seminars (Heidegger, Deleuze, Bataille...). Cruce, Madrid, 1996.
1995 · Technical Drawing, Madrid. 1995· Art Critics. Montesquiu, 1995
1991 · Etching. City Council of Córdoba, 1991
1987 · Video. Viridiana Academy, Madrid, 1987
SOLO EXHIBITIONS2005 · (PHE05) Magda Bellotti Gallery, Madrid
2004 · Castelinho, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
2003 · Magda Bellotti Gallery, Madrid
2002 · A Caixa. Brasilia
2001 · Bamboo Curtain Studio, Taipei (Taiwan)
2000 · Valle Quintana Gallery, Madrid
1999 · Art Exhibition Hall of the City Council of Malaga· Valle Quintana Gallery, Tránsito, Toledo
1998 · Valle Quintana Gallery, Madrid· Zona de Acción Temporal, Madrid · Cruce, Madrid
1997 · Cruce, Madrid
1996 · Cruce, Madrid
1995 · Palacio de la Merced, Córdoba
1994 · El Ojo Atómico, Madrid
1993 · Municipal Museum of Palma del Río, Córdoba
1992 · Dziekanka Gallery, Warsaw (Poland)
1991 · Recursos Culturales Center, Madrid
GROUP EXHIBITIONS2006 · Las Ciudades Invisibles. Almería en Corto. Almería· Mañana es demasiado tarde. 29 Enchufes + Elinvernaderocultural. Madrid · DiVA (Digital and Video Art Fair). New York (Magda Bellotti Gallery)· Plastic Arts Biennale. Córdoba · Cine Pobre Festival (Cuba)· Artechmedia. Itinerant through the main Spanish Art Centers. · Dones de la Intemperie. Eugenio Granell Foundation. Santiago · Arte06. Rivas, Madrid.
2005 · DiVA (Digital and Video Art Fair). New York (Magda Bellotti Gallery) Madrid Abierto. (ARCO) Madrid · Videodictionary: Prenelle Gallery. London; Impakt Festival, Casco Gallery, Utrecht· Arte Solidario. El Águila Complex. Madrid· El Vuelo de Hypnos. Almedinilla, Córdoba· El mayor Valle. Adra Museum· International Art in Sports Biennale. Tesalónica and Seville· ArtTV. Málaga· ESF2005 (Extra Short Film Festival). Novosibirsk· Valencia.art. (Magda Bellotti Gallery) Valencia· IV Video Festival 143 Delicias. Madrid.
2004 · LOOP’04. Barcelona. (Magda Bellotti Gallery)· Control Remoto. MUCA-Roma, Mexico DF· [R][R][F] 2004--->XP: Salzburg, Havana, Split, Yerevan, Stavanger, Santa Fe, Sao Paulo, Rosario · Videodictionary. La Casa Encendida. Madrid· CO.04. Puerta Nueva Exhibition Hall, Córdoba; Vázquez Díaz Foundation, Huelva; Adra Museum, Almería · Video Festival143 Delicias. L'Antic Teatre. Barcelona
2003 · Inclasificados 0. Espaço Bananeiras. Rio de Janeiro· Inclasificados 1. Espacios SESC. Itinerant (Brazil)· Barrios Creando Barrios. Madrid· MAD.03 Alternoy Digit. Madrid· Mínima 2003. Gandía· II Video Festival 143 Delicias. Madrid· Mirador. Berzosa del Lozoya, Madrid; Kiel, Germany· MAD.03 Alterno, The Art Palace. Madrid
2002 · Desesculturas. Santa Bárbara Castle, Alicante and Círculo de Bellas Artes, Madrid· El Papel del Papel. Moriarti Gallery, Madrid. (LHFA)· Ardearganda. Arganda del Rey, Madrid· XXII Cinema Festival of Alcalá de Henares. Madrid· Per Amor a l’Art. Palma de Mallorca· Casas y Calles. Madrid· Coslart. Coslada, Madrid. (LHFA)
2001 · CoMa. Exhibition Hall. Autonomous Community of Madrid· Érase una vez... Lavapiés. Madrid. (LHFA)
2000 · CoMa. Overgaden. Copenhagen (Denmark)· Valle Quintana Gallery, Madrid· Llocs Lliures. Xavea · Magazine caminada nº 8, Madrid
1999 · Espacios Cruzados. Autonomous University of Madrid (LHFA)· Window 99. Madrid · Rehabi(li)tar Lavapiés. Madrid
1998 · 4 undsgtillinger ved kanalen. Overgaden, Copenhagen – Faculty of Fine Arts Exhibition, Madrid· Magazine caminada no. 4 and 6. Madrid
1997 · Magazine Aire. ARCO 97.· Magazine caminada. No. 1, 2, 3, Madrid · Per Amor a l’Art. Palma de Mallorca
1996 · Sin Número. Arte de Acción. Círculo de Bellas Artes. Madrid· Calefacción y Agua Caliente en Todos los Pisos. Círculo de Bellas Artes. Madrid · Arte Algo. Navalagamella, Madrid · Magazine caminada. No. 0. Madrid · Teoría y Práctica de la Acción. Cruce. Madrid
1995 · Encrucijadas. Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos. Córdoba
1994 · Islam y Arte Contemporáneo. Congress and Exhibition Palace. Córdoba · El Artista es una Abstracción. Cruce. Madrid· Pintar el Museo. Provincial Museum of Fine Arts. Córdoba
1993 · III International Festival of Rare Art and Performances (FIARP). Madrid
1992 · Córdoba Contemporary Art, 1957-1990. Córdoba -- II FIARP. Madrid
1991 · Válgamedios Gallery. Madrid
PRIZES AND GRANTS2005 · Plastic Arts Prize from the Autonomous Community of Madrid
2003 · Plastic Arts Prize from the Autonomous Community of Madrid· First Prize, II Video Festival 143 Delicias· Support for Creation, Provincial Foundation of Rafael Botí, Córdoba (also awarded in 2001 and 2002)
2001 · Support for Creation, Autonomous Community of Madrid
1993 · First Plastic Arts Grant from the Local Government of Córdoba
PUBLICATIONS · Especulación, 1993; No-separados y no-unidos, 1995; Estoy aquí, 1996; Escenarios, 1998; Intervenciones, 1999; CoMa, 2001; MAD.03 (Microespacios y Público), 2005.
CONFERENCES AND PRESENTATIONS 2004 · Projection and debate, Videoprojection cycle. Projections and open dialogue with the artists. Contemporary Art Center (CAC) Málaga, Feb. 2004.
2003 · MAD.03 Debate, “El Público y Lo Público” – co-organisation of debates and co-presentation of one of the sessions of the 2003 edition of the yearly cycle “Las Artes madrileñas a debate” organised by AVAM.
2002 · "Sculpture and Installation", University of Brasilia, Brazil, Jul. 2002.
2000 · "Porqué lo moderno es moderno", Faculty of Fine Arts, Complutense University, Madrid, 2000.
1999 · "La instalación como espacio poético", Mainel Foundation, Colegio Mayor Alameda, Valencia, 1999.
1997 · "La pre-ocupación del artista", Cruce Cultural Association, Madrid, 1997.
CURATORIAL PROJECTS2003 · MAD.03 Microespacios and MAD.03 Público within MAD.03, 2nd Experimental Art Event – organisation and production.*
1999-2000
· CoMa Cruce, Madrid; Overgaden, Copenhagen; Exhibition Hall of Plaza de España, Autonomous Community of Madrid.*
1997-1998· Cruce Interventions, Madrid, 1997–98.*· Projects realised with LHFA (La Hostia Fine Arts)
2006 · Incidencia... PERFORMAS. Modern Art Center. Madrid· Benidorm. DE FIJO A MÓVIL Madrid· Madrid Performa 07
2005 · Picnic. THE ART PALACE. Calle Alcalá, Madrid. · Desfile. VEN Y VINO. Madrid.
2004 · Historias de Madrid. MADRID ABIERTO - mention · Spitting Image. EL PAPEL DEL PAPEL. Moriarty Gallery. Madrid. · Passport. COSLART. Coslada, Madrid.
2002 · El baile de mi Tani. ÉRASE UNA VEZ... LAVAPIÉS. Madrid.
2000 · Venta El Tigre. ESPACIOS CRUZADOS. Autonomous University of Madrid.· Venta El Tigre. LA CIUDAD Y LA TIERRA. Cruce. Madrid.
BIBLIOGRAPHY2005 · Parramon, Ramon: “Madrid Abierto”, ARCO Especial. Mirada Retrospectiva. ARCO/IFEMA, p. 39. Madrid, Apr. 2005.· BIDA 2005 – International Biennale of Art in Sports. Sports Council, Ministry of Education and Science. Nov. 2005.· Arte Solidario. Autonomous Community of Madrid. Department of Culture and Sports, 2005.· PHE05. Ciudad. (PhotoEspaña 2005 – VIII International Festival). p. 169. Madrid. · Amato, Mabel: “Madrid, espacio abierto al arte”. ABC, 5th of Feb., Madrid.· Carpio, Francisco: “Madrid me mata”, ABC Cultural n. 680, p. 36. 12th of Feb., Madrid.· Cámara, Pilar: “El Arte sale a la calle”, Metrópoli, El Mundo, 7th of Feb., Madrid. · Gayo, A. and J. Mendoza: “Por sus obras los conoceréis”. Interview, nº 1.497, p. 56. Madrid, 3rd of Jan.· Hontoria, Javier: “Fernando Baena”, El Cultural, p.34, (El Mundo), Madrid, 30th of Jun.· Pozuelo, Abel H: “Madrid Abierto. Escaparate Acotado”, El Cultural, p. 54, (El Mundo). 10th of Feb.· Arroyo Fernández, María Dolores: “Madrid Abierto”. Ubicarte.com. 3rd of Mar.· Críticas. Descubrir el Arte, n. 77. Ed. Arlanza, Madrid, July.· Minerva. Revista del Círculo de Bellas Artes. N. 18 III época, Feb., p.18. Madrid· Art Notes. no. 4. Ed: Grupo Anotarte, Madrid. Jul. – Aug. 2005.· Artdaily.com. “Madrid Abierto Opens in the Streets of Madrid”, 3rd of Mar.· Madridiario. Cultura. “La ciudad se empapa de arte”, n. 1605, 5th of Feb., 2005.· Ubicarte. “Madrid Abierto 2005”. 8th of Feb., Madrid.
2004 · Alcaide, Jesús and Óscar Fernández: “Coordenadas polares en el espacio”, CO.04, Provincial Plastic Arts Foundation of Botí, Puerta Nueva Exhibition Hall, Córdoba.· Speigel, Olga: “El hotel de los vídeos”. La Vanguardia, 19th of Nov., Barcelona.
2003 · Pozuelo, Abel. H.: “Eva Koch and Fernando Baena”. El Cultural (El Mundo), p. 32, 27th of Nov.· Yelo, María Garcia: “Koch/Baena”. ABC Cultural, no. 203, 22nd of Nov., Madrid.· Castro, Eugenio: “Conversación con Fernando Baena y Eva Koch”, Ubicarte. Nov.· Castro, Ignacio: “Trozos de Noviembre”. Ubicarte. Nov.
2002 · Cereceda, Miguel: "Desesculturas", Desesculturas. Alicante, Eduardo Capa Foundation.· Llorca, Pablo: “La escultura desarticulada”, idem.· Olmo, Santiago B.: “Escenarios para una disolución”, idem. · "Poética do Negro", Correio Braziliense, Guia de Domingo. Brasilia, p.7, 7th of Jul.· "A Cor Negra na Arte Espanhola", Correio Braziliense, Guia de Quarta, p.8. Brasilia, 10th of Jul.· "A Cor Negra como Inspiração", Jornal de Brasília, p.8. Brasilia, 12th of Jul.· Castro, Ignacio: "Fernando Baena. Residencia", in Trece Ocasiones, col. Arte & Estética 14, Publications Service, Provincial Government of Pontevedra.· Replinger, Mercedes: Negro (with Antonia Valero and Eduardo Bonatti). A Caixa.
2000 · Alvarez Reyes, J. A.: "En proceso", CoMa. Exhibition Hall of Plaza de España, Autonomous Community of Madrid.· Catálogo de la 3ª Bienal de Artes Plásticas Rafael Botí, Córdoba.· De Alfonso, C.: "CoMa: la colaboración como pretexto", El Punto de las Artes, 16th of Feb, p.6. Madrid.· Galindo, Carlos, "El Arte Une a Madrid y Copenhague", ABC, 9th of Feb., p. 36. Madrid.· Kendzulak, Susan: “A reminder to us all”, Taipei Times, 9th of Sept., p. 19. Taiwan. · Llorca, Pablo, "Diálogos Artísticos: Copenhague - Madrid", El Periódico del Arte. Madrid, no. 41, Feb.· Pérez Gil, Lila: "CoMa Calienta Motores para Arco", El País, 11th of Feb., p. 16. Madrid.· Castro Flórez, Fernando: “Chapuzas a domicilio”, De la Economía, Art Exhibition Hall of the City Council of Malaga.· Cereceda, Miguel: “De los diversos modos de desperdiciar la vida”, idem.
1998 · Alvarez Reyes, J. A.: "Los Mecanismos de la Instalación", El Periódico Del Arte, no. 17, Dec. Madrid. · Castro Flórez, Fernando: "Un lugar crítico", Cimal, no. 50, pages. 46-48.· Castro Flórez, F.: "La épica escultórica de Fernando Baena", ABC Cultural, Madrid, no. 369, 24th of Dec.· Misfeldt, Mai: “4 undsgtillinger ved kanalen”, Jyllandsposten, Morgenavis. Copenhagen, 29th of Jul.· Navarro, Mariano: “Escenarios de Mayo y Baena”, ABC Cultural. Madrid, no. 335, p. 29. Madrid.· Navarro, Mariano: "Fernando Baena". El Cultural, La Razón. no. 7. Madrid.· Tinto, Juan Antonio: "Autorretrato Colectivo y Otros Recursos", El Punto de las Artes, 18th of Dec.· Gabilondo, Ángel: "Por los detalles", Escenarios, A. C. Cruce, Madrid.
1996 · Castro Flórez, Fernando: "Un lugar crítico". El Ojo Atómico, Madrid.· Álvarez Reyes, Juan Antonio: "La clausura de l'espai d'exposicio", Papers D'Art, no. 68. · Castaño, A.: “Fernando Baena”, ABC Cultural, no. 255, p. 26. Madrid.· Pérez Villén, Ángel Luís: “Fernando Baena”, Lápiz, no. 111, pages 89-90. Madrid.· Pérez Villén, Ángel Luís: "Otra escultura andaluza", Lápiz, no. 116., pages 40-49. Madrid.· Castro, Ignacio: "Residencia", Estoy aquí, A. C. Cruce, Madrid.· Herrera, Isidoro: "¿Hay alguien ahí?", Estoy aquí, A. C. Cruce, Madrid.
1995 · Pérez Villén, Angel Luis: "De cómo Deconstruir la Pintura", Encrucijadas, Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos, City Council of Córdoba.· Pérez Villén, Angel Luis: Pintar el Museo, Fine Arts Museum, Córdoba.· Clot, Manel: "Extensiones de experiencia", No-separados y no-unidos, Palacio de la Merced, Local Government of Córdoba.· Pérez Villén, Angel Luis: "Una mirada retrospectiva", idem.
1994 · Cabrera, Hashim Ibrahim: Islam y el Arte Contemporáneo, Congress and Exhibition Palace of Córdoba.
· Pérez Villén, Ángel Luís: "La restauración de la pintura y F.B.”, Cuadernos del Sur.· Jurado, Manolo: Especulación, Municipal Museum of Palma del Rio, Córdoba. · Pérez Villén, Ángel Luís: "Sólo pintura", idem.
1992 · De Castro, María Antonia. Catalogue DZIEKANKA Gallery, Warsaw.
1991 · Pérez Villén, Ángel Luís: "Imágenes de los ochenta", in Various. Córdoba Arte Contemporáneo. Regional Government of Andalusia, Department of Culture and the Environment.· Álvarez Enjuto, Juan Manuel: "En el curso del margen", Circuits of the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Recursos Culturales Center, Madrid.
1990 · Pérez Villén, Ángel Luís: "Fernando Baena. Proceso artístico y naturaleza", El Guía, no. 6, pages 55-56, Jul-Sep.
RADIO AND TELEVISION2006 · Radio Círculo (6th of Mar.)
2005 · Metrópolis. La 2. RTVE. (14th of Feb.)· La Hora Wiki. Canal Plus. (17th of Feb.)· News 2. RTVE. (17th of Feb.)· Miradas 2. RTVE. (Feb.)· Radio Círculo. “La Estación de Perpiñán”. (Oct.)· Radio Círculo. “La Estación de Perpiñán”. (Jun.)
2004 · Radio Círculo. “La estación de Perpiñan”.
2001 · Radio Círculo. Interview on CoMa. (20th of Feb.)
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2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (2005.1 / fieldwork / families)
INVESTIGATIONS: FAMILIES
The General Education Act establishes different educational stages:Preschool, general basic education (EGB), unified and polyvalent high school (BUP) and college prep course (COU), technical school (FP), University and permanent education for adults (EPA).
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Mayors are designated by the Provincial Administration. A third of the city councillors are designated by the Union’s Committees, a third by economic and social entities, and last, a third by family representatives, head of families and married women.
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Freudo-Marxism and Anti-Psychiatry are critical with the institution of family. They intend to abolish family, substituting it by other more communitarian forms of reproduction and socialization for little children. They analyze mass psychology which explains the rise of Nazism and Fascism and denounce family and its repressive and authoritarian aspects which are shared with private companies, schools and other institutions. David Cooper attacks the bourgeois family (patriarchal and monogamist) in his book Death of the Family and associates it to the genesis of schizophrenia.
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The 25/1971 Act, 19th of June, in protection of large families published in the n.º 150 del 24/06/1971 of the BOE, claims to complete and perfect both the protective assistance of Social Security and the special guarantees related to employment and labor relations, and to maintain the profits, established in terms of taxation. They are regulated, as much as the General Education Act reaches its full development, exemptions and bonuses of rights and education taxes, in all their levels and grades, and the preferential professional education related rights; special education subsidies are instituted, on the other hand, in favor of large families with handicapped or disabled children. In the same way, they have the preferential right to access subsidized housing, improvements in form of financing and awarding of credits to obtain unsubsidized housing. Finally, the reductions in the tariffs and on complements to public transport will remain.
The law considers a large family to be constituted by: The head of the family, the spouse and three or more children; the head of family, the spouse, if there were any, and two children, as long as, at least one of them, is disabled or handicapped for work; the head of family in a situation of widowhood, legal or factual matrimonial separation, and, in any of these assumptions, three children; the head of family, the spouse, if there is any, when one is totally disabled for work, having three children; the head of family and spouse, when both are totally disabled or handicapped for work, having two children; the head of family, the spouse, if there is any, and two children, if these are disabled or handicapped for work. The children can be legitimate, legitimated, naturally accepted, illegitimate with right to be fed, or adopted, each belonging to members of the marriage, or to one of them.
First Category families are those that have from three to six children. Of Second Category the ones that have from seven to nine children and Category of Honour those that have ten or more siblings.
The Law considers the father to be the head of family; or lack of that, the mother, and, in case of legal or of fact separation, the spouse who has their custody. In lack of those persons the head of family is the one who takes care of the under-aged or disabled members, as long as they live with him and at his expense. In the lack of these circumstances, the protection is limited to one of the siblings.
The head of a large family and the spouse have priority to be hired in any job position as long as they are apt, have the necessary knowledge and conditions required, are capable of performing their duties and these are positions subject to free contracting. From this priority are excepted directive jobs or those considered of confidence. In those cases in which there are dismissals, general hourly working day reductions or necessary transfers, they enjoy, in their category and specialty, protection to retain their working situation. In their benefit the legal designated deadlines are duplicated in time to leave a house that they live in for working reasons.
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The law forces the wife to obey her husband. Without marital license, the wife can’t work, receive a salary, start a business, occupy any position, nor open bank accounts, have a passport, or driving licence, nor accept or reject inheritances, even if belonging to her parents, or ask for her share, nor be executrix, or defend herself in courts (except for a criminal trial), nor defend her own assets, nor sell or tom mortgage these assets, nor to have any money except to do the daily shopping even though it were her own salary. The woman is forced to follow her husband wherever he intends to live, she can’t exercise parental authority over the children until the father dies and in this case, she only has the right to receive half of what is left.
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If any woman marries someone from another country, automatically she loses her nationality and is considered a foreigner; then she is given a green card and her studies lose efficacy, she can’t be a civil servant and needs a work permit.
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Spanish family has as absolute values the indissolubility of marriage and procreation of as many children as possible, the predominant role of the father as head of family and the subordination of women to the reproductive function in a biological and domestic sense.
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The matrimonial fertility period is of 7,5 years.The average age difference between husband and wife is of 1,9 years.The average age for a woman to marry is of 23,7 years.When born a woman has a life expectancy of 75,1 years.When born a man has a life expectancy of 69,6 years.The vital cycle until widowhood is of 45,1 years.The percentage of marital life in contrast with the average life of man is 64,8%.The percentage of marital life in contrast with the average life of woman is 60%.The average number of siblings is 2,5 per couple.The average number of family members is 3,84. The highest in Canary Islands (4,3), Navarra and Basque Country (4,1), Andalusia and Cantabria (4,0). The lowest in Baleares (3,5) followed by Castilla-La Mancha, Comunidad Valenciana, La Rioja and Aragon (3,6).From the establishment of the household to the first birth pass an average of 1,4 years.Between births lay an average 3 years.Empty household: 11,7 years.The fertile interval in contrast with the vital cycle until widowhood is of 16,6%.The duration of an empty household in contrast with the vital cycle until widowhood is of 25,9%.The average duration of widowhood in woman is 9 years.The average duration of widowhood in man is 2,2 years.The total duration of the masculine vital familiar cycle with widowhood is of 47.3 years.The total duration of the feminine vital familiar cycle with widowhood is of 54,1 years.The probability of men to die first (woman 1) is 2,7.
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In its January issue, the Ama magazine shows a picture of the audience that the Princes of Spain held with Ana María Benito de Asencio, elected Housewife of the year 1970.The winner had to pass different tests: sewing, cooking, decoration and culture. The inside pages show Ana María Benito declaring herself against divorce, erotic cinema and violence. Ana is a social graduate and commercial expert, but doesn’t practice and, although she’s in favour of women’s labour, she has enough with her home duties. To her, a good housewife should have a will towards self-improvement, be dedicated to her husband and children, and constantly take care of the household problems, most of all children’s education. “Todo Madrid” attended de proclamation dinner.
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Barcelona has a housing deficit that reaches 85,590 in its urban perimeter and of 18,120 in the rest of the metropolitan areas.
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A reader of Telva criticizes the way in which the magazine idealizes the housewife. This, she claims, makes female workers feel guilty. Telva’s answer reads: “…the housewife-mother should dedicate her best time and abilities to hers… The best service to society is to create adapted individuals, and in this function, family plays a main role”. It also states that: “..above technical, industrial and material welfare, stands the spiritual and psychological wellbeing that an intelligent, educated and dedicated mother can greatly provide”.
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Doctor José L. Navarro, in an article titled The Pill… Danger???, reminds us the danger that minimum dosages of oral contraceptives might produce micro-abortions. And exclaims: “Of course, in many countries the “escalation” of contraceptives has conduced to the legalization of abortion!”
**
In an article published by Telva, Jean Guitton says: “I approve of those rooted beings that can only live properly inside. The wife at home… The wife provides, to that which she gathers, a kind of curvature, friendly and protective, like a bird that curves its wings to create a nest.”
**
A reader of Telva asks: “Isn’t it true that these strict marital duties are obsolete and that these should be limited to those days in which both husband and wife agree?” Clara Fornet answers: “.. Being responsible, you have no reasons to refuse; you can only argue that you’re tired and ask for understanding and consideration on your husband’s part. But he can also ask for your consideration, referring to “something” that in man is much more imperative than in woman.”
**
The large group of Parliament attorneys request the creation of a housing credit Bank.
**
The Subcommittee that estimates the Housing Committee Demand believes that for the validity period of the Third Plan for Social and Economic Development 1,500,000 houses will be needed.
**
In the Hogar y Moda magazine, Enrica Catani writes an article titled Secrets of a successful marriage. In this article she writes: “… A man is not a moneymaking machine. Outside the household, he has to sometimes confront serious trouble and a woman can’t expect him to be forever cheerful. She must understand when she has to postpone an uncomfortable conversation. Postpone it only, if it’s important… I have used the word “important”, because a woman can’t intend to be listened when she afflicts her husband with gossip or unimportant problems that she must resolve on her own. It is fair to respect someone’s bad mood when it’s a consequence of serious worries…”
**
In an article called Tips to get along fine, published in the Hogar y Moda magazine, we can read: “His favourite pastime is painting, but his wife doesn’t know how to paint. This is one of the cases in which the wife must accept even that which she knows not how to do, and must do it with intelligence and enthusiasm, because, as we all know, visual arts involve noble sentiments, and are a spiritual education for sensitive beings. Therefore, although both personalities may be very dissimilar, an agreement is possible with the understanding that the wife must prove and practice.”
**
According to the magazine Hogar y Moda, women that work outside the household dedicate 8 hours to their jobs. To that we must add 5 more hours at home with the children, 2 hours transport, 2 hours for meals, and 1 hour to walk. Therefore, she would have 6 hours left of sleep a day. However, women who work at home, apart from dedicating 8 hours to that job, dedicate 2 other hours to help the children with their homework, 3 hours on meals, 2 hours on walks, 2 hours sewing, gardening and helping the husband. Thus, she has 7 hours left to sleep.
**
An ideal marriage, with two children in Madrid spends 45% of its budget in food. Having a budget of some 15,000 pesetas, they can spend 6,830 pesetas a month in food; which would be 227.60 pesetas a day. The average per person is of 56.90 pesetas. With such a budget, and according to prices of the Vallehermoso Market in Madrid, on the 16th of December 1970, the following menu could be elaborated: breakfast with white coffee, bread and butter, lunch of chicken soup, chicken mound, and apple dessert, snack with white coffee and dinner of cabbage with chips, hake (frozen) au gratin, and tangerine dessert. The above mentioned budget includes half litre of wine.
**
On the 14th of January, the wife of singer Andrés Do Barro bears a baby of 3 and a halve kilos.
**
Carmen Maria Guadalupe Dolores, daughter of Rocío Durcal and Junior, is christened. Lola Flores was the godmother.
**
Patricia, daughter of dancer Maria Cruz and Oscar Ortiz is christened.
**
Articles in the décor magazine Sábado Gráfico are about the houses of the Angulo, Ussia, Holmsen, Coca and Emilio Alduchi nicknamed “Pirro”.
**
In Barcelona judge number 8 announces a verdict in favour of social worker Misses Reyes Martorell in her dispute with Cáritas Barcelona which had fired her for having had a civil marriage.
**
Ana García Fernández and her husband, Manuel Rambla Encina, never got along. After a 15 year marriage, Manuel died on the 5th of January due to burns that his wife had caused on the 23rd of December when she threw a pot of boiling water on him in his sleep. She appeared to have added some corrosive product.
**
El Caso, in your article on “Lute”, published on the 23rd of January you say: “…these rumours assure that “el Lute” was madly in love with her and very worried about his children’s luck. And they say that he spent hours in contemplation on the sad nights of the Port, yearning for his family life, his children, “Chelo” (his wife)… No; the reader mustn’t be surprised. Love is this… “el Lute” decided to risk everything for his wife and children…”
**
In El Caso, an article titled “The denaturalized mother from Barcelona is in prison”, it says: “She had this child while single and then married another man, with whom she had another one. But her husband couldn’t put up with her, not being able to tame her and stop her constant infidelities, he left with his child. She went on with her life, going to bad reputed bars and having different friends for intermittent periods of time, among which there was a gypsy to whom she was unfaithful. He attacked her and almost killed her. In these adventures, her husband died in a car crash, without giving her the child’s custody, luckily for him. She had another daughter from an unknown father that a woman takes care of in exchange for money…”
**
On the 30th of January Nicanor Rodríguez, and educated, religious and polite man killed his wife, his four children and the maid, after which he left the house naked and shouting out sentences like “They want to destroy personality” and “I am justice”. His colleagues and friends noticed he had become obsessed with the Rogers system of education which he intensely rejected, and they think “… he probably decided to kill the children because he believed that if educated in such a way they would become automats” or that “… having the maid announced she was leaving on Sunday, Don Nicanor might have gotten upset. The girl was very young and attractive, and it’s not the first time a man is attracted by a maid that works at home…”
**
In Casteldefels (Barcelona), Laurencio Bicasanet killed his stepfather by stabbing him in the heart. The family was formed by 35 year old Ángel Domínguez Ríos, his wife Planes Armengol, 49 years old, and nine children, the first six from a previous marriage. With the couple lived seven of the children with ages from 18 to 5 years.
**
Commenting on a crime occurred in El Goloso (Madrid), Alfonso de Aricha, in El Caso, on the 6th of March, writes: “… this spreading of parricides is disturbing, with three cases in a few days, and a total of five people dead, and another, Tomás Ceferino Padín, who with absolute tranquillity, his arms full of blood, said: “There’s no problem… I have just killed my wife.”
**
In Villahoyosa (Alicante), more than a hundred people, all of them gypsies belonging to the “Granadine” and “Copito” clans, start a tremendous fight, which results in the death of one, another severely injured, ten arrested and several houses abandoned.
**
In the BOE of the 3rd of February appeared the labour bylaw for employees of urban buildings (superintendents): the measure affects a100.000 families.
**
On the 4th of February, the Messrs Otero asked the marquises of Torrealta (lords of Paramés Fernández de Córdoba) for their daughter’s hand (the lovely “Pepita”), so she can marry their son Felipe.
**
Seven brothers, all of them national teachers, born in Ysua (Lanzarote) offer a lunch in tribute of their father, Mr Juan Valenciano Curbelo, also national teacher. One of the siblings, Mayor of Haria, spoke and extolled Mr Valenciano’s merits, a man who was born in a poor family, and financed all of his sons’ studies.
**
The National Federation of House Arms sends a request to the Ministry of Commerce insisting on that, while the Code of Diet is not valid, traders in food cans should put the sell-by date and the price to prevent any type of adulteration. They also insist on an improvement of distribution channels to fight against the hold up of products and speculation. Another housewife bummer is the exceeding rise of the basic food products while salaries remain stable.
**
Between the 1st and the 5th of July the National Family Conference takes place, dedicated to the study of economic problems.
**
According to an opinion poll carried out by the Episcopal Commission for the Doctrine of Faith, birth rate is dwindling due to: “dominant hedonism, marginality of morals, anovulant methods, which are believed to be permitted, and contraceptives, which are thought of as immoral. You can perceive the great optimism related to premarital relationships. In contrast with previous times a 60% state that these types of relationships are more serious, while 16% believe the opposite. Only the 6% think that nothing has changed.”
**
According to the attorney of the Ecclesiastical Court of Malaga, “in the last five years, we have dealt 246 lawsuits, of which 214 were divorce, and 32 judgements of annulment. Of the 246 lawsuits, 10 were done for free due to the plaintiffs’ lack of resources. Of the 236 cases, a little more than half of the costs have been the following: 9 less than 3000 pesetas; 65 were from 3000 to 5000 pesetas; 24 from 5000 to 7000 pesetas; 16 from 7000 to 10000 pesetas; 5 from 15000 to 20000; 3 from 20000 to 30000 pesetas; and one case cost 40000 pesetas. Regarding delays, of the 70 sentences pronounced in the last two years by that Court, 18 took less than a year; 40 less than two; and only two took more than two years without reaching 4.
**
Seven hundred widows attend the II National Study Conference of the Christian Communities’ Widows: “Society isn’t interested in supporting female widows, that reaching a number of 2,000,000 in Spain, is a force to be reckoned and we believe with great possibilities…”
**
In the Conference of Studies on Emigration that will close on the 19t of February, Mr Ángel Alfonso Martínez, journalist and interpreter, dwells on the fact that in Germany where he’s been living as immigrant for the last eleven years “Regrouping is a serious matter, extremely serious. A hundred and eighteen marriages have broken up in the last six months. Also, we can’t find a solution to it because the Spanish Emigration Institution doesn’t insist on regrouping faster. The Spanish bricklayer arrives, at first, with good intentions; but, maybe meets another woman, and what begins as a game ends up as divorce. German authorities have given a one year deadline for people to take there families with them; but we have to reduce that period to three months by any means necessary.”
**
On the 20th of February the BOE announced a rise on pensions starting on the 1st of March: retirement pensions 300 pesetas and a rise of 150 monthly pesetas in some cases; 180 monthly pesetas rise for widowhood; 175 pesetas for orphans; 180 for relatives if there’s only one beneficiary, and 75 pesetas if there’s more than one.
**
On the 25th of February the new maternity and children’s hospitals open in Oviedo. The invested is of 179,420,715.66 pesetas. Consequently a bed’s cost was of 410,600 pesetas.
**
29,677 scholarships are given in Madrid for the current course, with a whole sum of 207.514.000 pesetas; 24.264.000 pesetas for starters and 4.231 scholarships; 183.250.000 pesetas used for 25.446 scholarships to continue with studies.
**
(January)
05intb3453
2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (2005.1 / fieldwork / anniversaries)
INVESTIGATIONS: ANNIVERSARIES
1st of January 1971 - Nationalization of private Banks in Chile.
- Eleuterio Sánchez “el Lute” escapes from Puerto de Santamaría Prison.
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2nd of January1971 - Cesáreo García Rodicio is born http://www.cesareox. Married. Drivers licence. B1 (Year 1989) e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.. Telephone: 687 911121.
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3rd of January 1971 – 66 people die in Glasgow due to crowd pressure when a handrail broke in the Celtic’s stadium.
- Dramatic train crash in Chamartin station. Fifty three people slightly injured.
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4th of January 1971 - Irina Melitopol is born. Hight: 161 cm. Weight: 69 Kg. Hair colour: Gold. Eyes: Blue. Single. She dreams of having a strong, friendly and happy family. She is looking for her love, he should be between 25 and 50, cheerful, intelligent, good, stable and vigorous.
***
5th of January 1971 – Marilyn Manson in Canton, Ohio.
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6th of January 1971 - Jesús Fernández Santos wins the Nadal award with “Book on the memory of things”.
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7th of January 1971 – Eva María Martín Martínez, Guardia Civil, is born in Valladolid.
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8th of January 1971 - Óscar Vives Martínez is born. He is programmer and graphic designer for Positive Soft.
- Geoffrey Jackson, English ambassador is kidnapped in Montevideo.
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9th of January 1971 – The American Junior Chamber of Commerce presents Elvis as one of the 10 most extraordinary young Americans.
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10th of January 1971 – The French designer Gabrielle “Cocó” Channel dies.
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11th of January 1971 – The Aswan Dam opens in Egypt.
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12th of January 1971 – The DIA reports that Guatemalan troops had “silently eliminated” hundreds of “terrorists and bandits” in the country.
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13th of January 1971 – 70 Brazilian guerrilla fighters get on a plain in Río de Janeiro and head for Allende’s Chile.
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14th of January 1971 – “Come to Germany, Pepe” opens, it was watched by 2.078.570 people.
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15th of January 1971 - Public execution of Ernest Ouandié, leader of UPC (Cameroon).
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16th of January 1971 – Tennis player Sergi Bruguera is born.
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17th of January 1971 – ETA’s VI Assembly takes over, when a commando kidnaps a well known Basque industrialist who’s factory was on strike.
- Two people dead and thirty injured in the derailment of the Iberia Express near Campo de San Pedro, Segovia.
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18th of January 1971 – Spanish football player Josep Guardiola is born.
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19th of January 1971 – A group of dissidents of Venezuela’s Communist Party founds the socialist Movement (MAS)
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20th of January 1971 – Spanish singer Julio Iglesias marries Isabel Preysler, a Philippine lady in Illescas (Toledo).
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21st of January 1971 - Spanish matador José Ignacio Uceda Leal is born.
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22nd of January 1971 - Haitian dictator Francois Duvalier appointed his son as his successor.
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23rd of January 1971 – In Prospect Greek, Alaska, reach 80 degrees below zero, the lowest temperature ever registered in USA.
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24th of January 1971 – Bill W, founder of Alcoholics Anonymous dies.
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25th of January 1971 – Ida Amin, chief of the Armed Forces of Uganda, takes power after a bloody cup d’état.
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26th of January 1971 - María del Mar Sánchez de la Sierra, from the Sánchez de Alarcón family, is born.
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27th of January 1971 – A Ministry for the Protection of Nature and the Environment is created in France.
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28th of January 1971 – As suggested by Vicente Aleixandre, Emilio García Gómez and Pedro Laín Entralgo, Buero Vallejo is elected member of Royal Academy of Language.
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29th of January 1971 – Matador Manuel Caballero is born in Albacete.
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30th of January 1971 – The United Nations enact international Convention to eliminate every form of racial discrimination.
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31st of January 1971 – USA launches the Apollo XIV for a third moon landing experiment.
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1st of February 1971 – Dadaist painter and writer, Raoul Hausmann dies in Limonges, France.
- One dead, 45 injured and 50 arrested in Los Angeles during a Chicano protest march against police brutality.
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2nd of February 1971 – The World Wetland Convention is signed in Ramsar, Iran.
- The South Bus Station opens in Madrid, between Palos de Moguer and Canarias street.
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3rd of February 1971 -.The OPEP unilaterally establishes the prices of Petrol.
- South Vietnamese troops invade Laos with the support of American helicopters.
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4th of February 1971 – British car company Rolls Royce Ltd. Publicly announces its bankruptcy files in the Courts.
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5th of February 1971 – American astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell land on the moon with the Antares module.
- State of exception is lifted in Gipuzcoa, although Article 18 of Spaniard’s privileges is still in suspension in the whole Spanish territory.
***
6th of February 1971 – Cyclist José María “Chaba” Jiménez is born in El Barraco (Ávila).
- Eight people dead and more than a 100 injured when a steam boiler exploded in Ensidesa.
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7th of February 1971 -. A referendum in Switzerland sanctions by majority of two thirds, the concession of women’s vote.
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8th of February 1971 – The first technological stock market opens in Nasdaq: it starts by quoting more than 2,500 shares in electronic products.
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9th of February 1971 – The Apollo XIV returns to the earth.
- An earthquake in Los Angeles kills 57 people.
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10th of February 1971 – French porn actress Béatrice Valle, and specialized in anal sex, is born in France.
- Gregori Fegin leaves for Israel to obtain an official permit from Soviet authorities. It’s one of the five permits provided of 80000 requested by Hebrews after the Leningrad trial.
***
11th of February 1971 – The new Soviet five year plan is oriented towards consumer goods.
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12th of February 1971 – There’s a cold front case in the Canary Islands.
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13th of February 1971 – Chilean president Salvador Allende decides to accept the constitutional reform that provides the State with power over all the mineral and combustible resources in the country.
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14th of February 1971 – An agreement is isgned in Teherán between Western oil companies and oil exporting countries in the Persian Gulf.
- Bus line 60 opens, Plaza de la Cebada – Orcasitas.
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15th of February 1971 - Decimal system has become effective in Great Britain.
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16th of February 1971 - Alcibiades Betancourt disappears, victim of the Panamanian military dictatorship.
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17th of February 1971 - Jacques Lacan gives the fourth session of the seminario D'un discours qui ne serait pas du semblant.
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18th of February 1971 – French journalist and photographer Pierre Golendorf is arrested in Havana and is subject to different types of psychological torture while imprisoned.
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19th of February 1971 - Paul McCartney’s new single is released containing Another Day and Oh Woman Oh Why.
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20th of February 1971 - Idi Amin Dadá becomes Uganda’s new president.
- Spain beats Italy two to one in Cagliari. Gols by Pirri and Uriarte.
The Spanish team was: Iribar, Sol, Gallego, Tonono, Costas, Pirri, Claramunt, Uriarte, Amancio, Gárate and Churruca.
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21st of February 1971 – The Vienna Agreement on Psychotropic Drugs takes places.
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22nd of February 1971 - Hafez al-Assad becomes head of State of Siria.
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23rd of February 1971 – A spectacular phenomenon is observed in many points of the country, falling later, some 24 miles North of San Sebastian. It was the Tibere rocket.
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24th of February 1971 – Formula 1 pilot Pedro Martínez de la Rosa is born.
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25th of February 1971 – Spain joins the Geneva Convention in Open Sea.
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26th of February 1971 - Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz presents his resignation as President of the Republic’s Government.
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27th of February 1971 – French comic actor Fernandel, dies.
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28th of February 1971 - Real Madrid wins Atletico Madrid 1-0 in the twenty third match of the League. Pirri scores on minute 9.
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1st of March 1971 – The pilot series for Colombo opens, called Ransom for a Dead. Man
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2nd of March 1971 - Mujibur Rahman proclaims Bangladesh an independent Republic from Pakistan, which originates a civil war.
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3rd of March 1971 – Art designer and architect Arne Jacobsen dies in Copenhagen.
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4th of March 1971 – Luchino Visconti’s “Death In Venice” opens Italy.
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5th of March 1971 - Led Zeppelin plays Stairway to Heaven live for the first time in Belfast.
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6th of March 1971 – American Formula 1 pilot Mario Andretti wins the South African Great Prize.
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7th of March 1971 – The Dalí Museum opens in Cleveland (Beachwood).
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8th of March 1971 – Cassius Clay is defeated by Joe Frazier by unanimous decision in the World Heavy Weight Championship.
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9th of March 1971 – The General Bylaw on Safety and Hygiene at Work is sanctioned.
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10th of March 1971 – Atletico de Madrid beats the Legia of Warsaw 1-0, gol by Adelardo, in the quarter finals of the European Cup.
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11th of March 1971 – The Technical College of Madrid opens, at the same time asin Catalonia and Valencia.
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12th of March 1971 – Fernando Baena turns 9 years old.
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13th of March 1971 – Carme Chacón Piqueras is born in Espluges de Llobregat (Barcelona), Secretary of Culture.
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14th of March 1971 – Archbishop Lefebvre talks about the Holy Mass in a conference at Granby, Canada.
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15th of March 1971 – There’s an insurrection leaded by Viborazo in Argentina.
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16th of March 1971 – Judas Priest plays in Essington, England, with their new members, Ian Hill and Kenneth Downing.
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17th of March 1971 – Three workers die in the subway works between Avenida de América and Pueblo Nuevo.
***
(January 2005)
05intb3452
2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (2005.1 / fieldwork / culture)
INVESTIGATIONS: CULTURE
On the 22nd of July the Lady of Baza was discovered in the necropolis of Cerro del Santuario in the ancient Basti (Baza), Granada. It is a statue of the 4th century B.C made of polychrome limestone. It was inside a funeral chamber of 2,60 m2 and 1,80 deep, where there also was a Punic Amphora that communicated with the surface through a funnel, which was used for libations as liquid offerings done from the outside. This shows that there was cult related to person there buried.
**
This year, Carlos Alcolea does his first individual exhibit in the Amadís gallery in Madrid, which is directed by Juan Antonio Aguirre. Along with other young painters, among them, Rafael Pérez Mínguez, Guillermo Pérez Villalta, Manolo Quejido and Carlos Franco, Alcolea stood out in Madrid’s art scene as an advocate of the return to painting.
**
Alexandre Cirici i Pellicer takes part in creating the Catalonia Assembly for which reason he is imprisoned for a week.
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Barral publishing house releases Peter Hamm’s “Critic’s critic”. Martinez Roca publishing company edits “The Definition of Art” by Umberto Eco. Labor publishes “The theory of proportion in architecture” by Ph. Scholfield. Gredos publishes Gloria Videla’s “Ultraism”. Seix Barral releases “Art and its objects” by R. Wollheim. Fundamentos Publisher “Morphology of a story” by Vladimir Propp. Taurus publishes Theodor Adorno “Ideology as language”; “Cinema as art” by Rudolph Arnheim and “The art f lanscape” by K. Clark; Carlos Areán publishes his “Assesment of young Spanish art”; Gabriel Celaya releases his visual poetry book “Campos semánticos”; José Caballero prepares 14 lithographs for exclusive edition of Pablo Neruda’s poem Oceana de; Valeriano Bozal collaborates in the books Teoría, práctica teórica y Alienación e ideología.
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Between March and April “The computer assisted art” exhibit takes place in Madrid’s Palacio de Congresos y Exposiciones, due to a European Simposium on graphic design organized by IBM. Relevant artists will take part, such as: Alexanco, Gerardo Delgado, Teresa Eguibar, Lorenzo Frechilla, García Asensio, Gómez Perales, Lugán, Abel Martín, Manuel Quejido, Enrique Salamanca, Javier Seguí de la Riva and Ana Buenaventura, Sempere, Soledad Sevilla and Yturralde. García Camarero Hill presents the catalogue. In May the Calculation Centre Hill organize the last of a series of exhibitions showing works by members of the Visual Forms seminar. The “Computed forms” exhibition takes place in the Ateneo’s main hall, and same artists participate except for Teresa Eguibar and Lorenzo Frechilla. Florentino Briones will present the catalogue.
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The National Modern Art Museum’s collection will be divided. 19th century paintings will be given to El Prado Museum making use of the Casón de Buen Retiro. For paintings from the twentieth century a new Museum in the Complutense Campus, built from 1971 to 1973 and inaugurated in 1975 as the Spanish Modern Art Museum. Its author, the architect Jaime López de Asiaín, designed it according to specifications of the Museum Architecture Conference in 1968. He received the National Architecture Award in 1969.
**
In March, Moreno Galván goes to Santiago de Chile to participate in a conference of intellectuals called “Operation truth”. He suggests the creation of an international museum to support president Salvador Allende. A committee formed by historian and critic Mario Pedrosa, who lives in Chile, the Italian Carlo Levi and Moreno Galván himself will visit president Allende and propose the creation of the museum. The “International Committee of Artistic Solidarity with Chile” is created, then, with the participation of Moreno Galván, Carlo Levi, Dore Ashton, Jean Lemarie, de Wilde, R. Penrouse, Rafael Alberti and Mario Pedrosa, as chairman.
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This year, Eduardo Arroyo, exhibits in the Palazzo de Gobernatore de Parma, in the Galleria People, Turín, in L'A.R.C., Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, in Frankfurter Kunstverein, in la Hedendaagse Kunst de Utrecht, in Münchener Kunstverein de Dusseldorf and in Kunstverein of Berlin; Manuel Rivera exhibits in the collective Erotism in art of Galería Vandrés of Madrid, in Gravuras Espanholas of Galeria São Francisco, Lisboa, in Astor Gallery of Atenas, in Pretoria Museum of Pretoria and in Goodman Gallery de Johannesburgo; Eduardo Chillida stays four months as guest teacher at the Carpenter Center for the Visual Art of Harvard University. He meets poet Jorge Guillén illustrates his book Más Allá. The Thyssen society entrusts him a steel sculpture for their headquarters in Düsseldorf. He begins to study the concrete method with engineer Fernández Ordóñez; Gerardo Rueda Hill be in Galería Juana Mordó of Madrid, and Galería Val y 30 of Valencia and in Galería Juana de Aizpuru of Sevilla.
**
Last edition of the Women’s Exhibition of Current Art.
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The Sephardic museum of Toledo opens a new area next to the Transit Synagogue; the Palace of Espartero, a baroque building of the 18th century and paradigm of Logroño’s civil architecture, will host the Museum of La Rioja; the project for the Outdoor Sculpture Museum in La Castellana has been sanctioned this summer. The economic problem of having to buy the sculptures has been solved with a donation by artists and relatives, thanks to their friendship with Eusebio Sempere.
**
Rafael Canogar wins the Great Proze at the Sao Paolo Biennial.
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Jesús Franco opens “A virgin among the living dead”.
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The first Visual Arts Biennial of León starts off with a 100,000 pesetas prize and other rewards; San Sebastian’s City Hall calls for a second Sculpture Biennial. The piece that wins will be installed in Avenida del Generalísimo, in front of the sea. 14,000, 25,000 and 14,000 pesetas prizes; the Rodríguez Acosta Foundation calls the XII Exhibit-Contest on “woman” as subject.Several prizes from 100,000 to 25,000 pesetas.
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The January-February issue of Bellas Artes magazine has articles on Calder, Medina Azahara’s art, Sargadelos’ ceramics, the Fine Arts Museum of Sevilla, the futurists, Permeke’s exhibition in MEAC, Barjola, Román Vallés, Estuardo Maldonado, María Victoria de la Fuente, José María de Labra, the exhibitions of Francisco Peinado, Isabel Pons and Fernando Delapuente in MEAC and on the Archaeological Museum of Sevilla.The March-April issue has articles on Gutiérrez Solana, Vázquez Díaz, el Museo del Prado, Eugenio D’Ors and his salones de los Once, Ortega Muñoz, Julio Antonio in MEAC, Paul Klee, Mignoni, Cirilo Martínez Novillo, Ionesco’s drawings, Dimitri, Cesar Manrique, Arte Generativo and Cardona Torrandell.In the January-February issue of Goya magazine there are articles about Goya by Xavière Desparmet, Xavier Salas, Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño, José Guerrero Lovillo, Federico Torralba, José Gudiol, María José Sáez Piñuela, Pierre Gassier, Julián Gállego, Enrique Pardo Canales and José Camón Aznar.
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In the March-April issue they publish several articles: “The diocesan and cathedral museum in Valladolid” by J.J. Martín González, “The museum of modern and fine arts in Bilnao” by Alberto del Castillo, “José María Ucelay and Basque painting” by Antonio Bilbao Arístegui, and “Alberto Giacometti (1901-66) by Montano Mononi.
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A collection of vases by Lladró appears. In the crystalline surface there’s life, most of all, oriental floral motifs and birds.
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New symptoms of an illness that will end Juan Eduardo Cirlot’s life. At the end of the year he will be operated of a pancreatic cancer.
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Teresa women magazine has a four page article on sculptor Joaquín Vaquero Turcios.
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In Meridiano magazine Renato Manzoni reviews the “Masters of Italian Modern Art” exhibition, that took place in the Vicereine Palacae. It had works by Modigliani, De Chirico, Morandi, Bonichi, De Pissis, Mario Marini, Giacomo Manzoni, Arturo Martini and futurists Boccioni, Carrá, Russolo, Balla and Severini.
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Coinciding with the Day of the stamp, a series is released commemorating Ignacio Zuloaga’s birth.
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The Fine Arts’General Management acquires pieces by Rafael García Gómez, Eduardo Maldonado, Amadeo Gabino, Luis Feito and Amador Rodríguez, for more than two and a half million pesetas. These pieces are destined to be shown in the Spanish Museum of Modern Art.
**
Venancio Sánchez Marín in his “Chronicle of Madrid”, published in the January-February issue of Goya magazine states that: “.. what quantitatively characterizes the type of art that comes through Madrid is the diversity that’s hard to classify. Diversity based on the artist’s personality more than any tendentious affiliation. From a statistic point of view the information is relevant, because it indicates to what extent personal expression is valued above proposals of programmed art.”
**
Vázquez Díaz’s disciples offer a tribute to their master in the Tartessos gallery. Others will participate: Botí, Caballero, Canogar, Clavo, Díaz Caneja, Granado Valdés, Martano, Morales, Olasagasti, Pascual de Lara, Rives, Santos Viana, Vallejo de Urrutia, Vázquez Aggerholm, Vera and Zelaya.
**
The Urbis Club in Madrid organizes a collective tribute to D’Ors. They show works by Manolo Hugué, Federico Marés, José Planes, Llorens Artiga, Solana, Vázquez Díaz, Juan de Echevarría, Cossio, Palencia, Ortega, Muñoz, Zabaleta, Lozano, Villá, Vaquero, Álvaro Delgado, Martínez Novillo, Agustín Redondela, Perceval, Caballero, Baeza, Brotat, Tapies, Guinovart, Mampaso, Millares, Aguiar, Rafael Benet, Gómez Cano, Luis Cañadas, Pedro Pruna, Romero Escasi, Sunyer, Uranga, Eduardo Vicente.
**
The Hispanic Cultura Institute, with the Argentinian group Generative Art and with the title “Space and Vibration” show pieces by Ari Brizzi, Jorge Edgardo Lezama, Carlos Silva, Rogelio Polesello, Mario Martorell and Adolfo Estrada.
**
MEAC organizes a collective exhibit called “Testimony 70” with works by García Ramos, José María Iglresias, José Navarro, Enrique Salamanca, Eduardo Sanz, José María Iturralde, José Luis Fajardo, Martín de Vidales, Ceferino Moreno, Yraola, Vicente Vela, Anzo, Andrés Cillero, Cruz de Castro, Javier Morras, Orcajo, Jordi Pericot and Darío Villalba.
**
Opening of the Galería Serie with a collective show of serial art. Pieces by Le Parc, Sempere, Torner, Gerardo Rueda, Guinovart, Eduardo Sanz, Labra, Pablo Serrano, Amador, Soledad Sevilla and Feliciano.
**
Exhibitions in Madrid, in the first three months of the year: Club Urbis shows Agustín Hernández; in Galería Amadís, Arturo Heras; in Galería Biosca: they show: Juan Barjola, María Victoria de la Fuente, Martínez Novillo and Cristino de Vera; in Galería Cid is Tauler; in Galería Círculo 2: Francec Gali, Tatiana, Lencero and Brull Carreras; in Galería Cultart: Faik Husen; in Galería Daniel: Jorge Teixidor and Fernando Jesús; in Galería Edaf, José Luis García, Garcés, Sebastián Luca de Tena and Alberto Duce; in Galería Eureka: Juan Luis; in Galería Fauna´s: José Díaz, Onésimo Anciones, Cuyen, Jesús González de la Torre, Juan Haro, Ramiro Tapia; in Galería Frontera: Alberto Duce; in Galería Grosvenor: J.P. Broesset and Javier de Villota; Galería Hípola they have Spanish painting from Fortuny to Vázquez Díaz; in Galería Iolas-Velasco: Maccio, Carola Torres, Ionesco, Arcadio Blasco and a collective one with Leonor Fini, Gette, Juan Hufo, Lalannes and Rushka; in Galería Juana Mordó: Gerardo Rueda, Eugenio Barbieri and Fernando Zobel; in Galería Karma, Magdalena Lozano, Mark Noven Wadstrom, Amelia Jiménez and Jorge Castillo; in Galería Kreisler, Ramiro Ramos, Hidalgo de Caviedes, Álvaro Delgado and Cristina de Baviera; in Galería Macarrón: Elena Lucas; in Galería Seiquer: Elena Asins y Zachrisson; in Galería Sen: Porta Zusch, Yturralde and Isabel Villar; in Galería Skira: Francisco Cruz de Castro, José Dámaso, Cesar Manrique, Tapies, Subirachs, Leopoldo Novoa and a collective “Today’s art”: Amador, Gonzalez Herranz, Le Parc, Marcel Martí, Medina Schöffer, Sobrino and Soto; in Galería Ramón Durán: Vivancos and Gloria Alcahud; in Galería Richelieu, Julio Pérez Torres and Luis Cajal; in Galería Studio: Ina Berndtson; in Galería Tartessos:. Méndez Ruiz, Vazquez Díaz and a collective one with his disciples; in Galería Toison: Cardona Torrandell; in Galería Theo:Vazquez Díaz, Lago, Lara, Valdivieso, Mignoni and Guillermo Delgado; in Galería Vandrés Luis Gordillo, José María de Labra and a collective one: Andrés Cillero, Ortiz Vaccaro, Alexanco, Zachrisson, Miura, Moulia and Valdivieso; in MEAC there are exhibits by Alberto Durero, Julio Antonio, Francisco Peinado, Estuardo Maldonado, Fernando Delapuente, Álvaro Delgado, Agustín Celis and the collective “Testimonio 70”; in Sala Joven of the Ateneo: Rafael Armengol and Antoni Muntadas and in Sala Sta. Catalina: Ignacio Berriobeña; in Sala Repesa: José Sancha, María Antonia Dans and Emilio Prieto, winners of the 4th National Repesa Painting contest
**
Exhibitions in Barcelona, in the first three months of the year: In Atenéo Barcelonés: Antonio Aguiló and Xiberta; in Bibioteca Central: Rolf Schlegel; in Camarote Granados: Isabel Pons, Juan Granados and Rosemonde Krbec; in Colegio de Arquitectos de Barcelona: GATEPAC; in Estudio de Arte: Graciella Piccone and Tomás Meca; in Galería Adriá, Rafael Zabaleta and Gaston Chaissac; in Galería Aquitania, August Puig and Elena Parés, in Galería As, Joaquín Capdevilla, Evaristo Guerra, José María García-Llort and Oriol Muntané; in Galería Augusta: Armando Miravalls; in Galería Manila, José Frau, in Galerías Españolas, Neville Woodbury; in Galería Grifé y Escoda, Nuria Llimona, in Galería Mundi Art: 50 female nudes in the “I Salón del Desnudo”; In Galería René Metras: Lucio Fontana, Manuel Bea and the collective “Surrealism” with Works by Arp, Bellmer, Cocteau, Cuixart, Chagall, De Chirico, Dalí, Ernst, Magritte, Massanet, Miró, Picasso, Man Ray, Ponç, Tapies, Wols and Ferrán; in Galería Syra: Cesc, Eduardo Castells and Alberti; in Galería Ten: Paul Caranicas; in Hospital of Santa Cruz, elGrupo Tarot; in Instituto Francés: José Royo and a collective one with old members Guinovart, Rafols Casanmada, Tapies, Tharrats, Cristafol, Subirachs...; in Instituto Franciscano de Apostolado y Cultura: Roser Argell and Jaime Muxart; in La Pinacoteca: J. Garzolini and Luis Montané; in Real Círculo Artístico drawings by Castells, Casané, María Jesús de Sola, Ferré Ferré, Hurtuna, Modolell, Planasdurá and Olga Sánchez, a collective on Socios “Segunda Exposición de Escultura”, a selection of presented pieces II Bienal Nacional de Pintura “Bilbao” and the exhibit “El vino en la pintura catalana” with closet o 50 paintings; in Escuela de Artes y Oficios: LXIII Exposición anual de la Agrupación de Acuarelistas de Cataluña; in Sala de Arte Moderno: Mario Bedini, Guerrero Medina and Dorothy Malloy; in Sala Gaspar: Viladecans y Vilacasas and a collective exhibition by Adamí, Calder, Camacho, Cárdenas, César, Corneille, Erró, Horn, Kowalski, Lam, Miró, Pignon, Robeyrolle, Tapies and Vedova; in Sala Jaimes: Marcelle Herrmann; in Sala Parés: Joan Serra, Gabino, José Amat, a tribute to Mauricio Vilomara y and a collective sculpture exhibit; in Sala Rovira: Antoni Roca, J.Gual and Felipe Brugueras; in Sala Tinell: Alberto; in Sala Vayreda, Josefina Miró. Also in Barcelona Rafael Durán, Tárrega-Viladons, Alve Valdemi, Lola Bech, Stefano Córdova, Elías Garralda, Juan Cardellá, José Margalef, José Luis Turina, Julio Visquerra, José Pomés, Colet Beleys, Gayle...
(January 2005)
05intb3451
2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (2004.11-12 / theoretical data)
TEXTS REVISION I (November 2004)
By chance I found a carton box labelled : January 1st 1971 to March 17th. The box contained nearly 100 black and white photo negatives which were apparently taken by an anonymous photographer. Amongst the images, there are photos of families in the typical pose used in those days for the official identity card of large families. That is how we used to pose in the final years of the dictatorship. Does it look like us?
Below the normal publicity posters of the Circle of Fine Arts another five will be placed, each one with an image of one of these unknown families. To give context to the images, five electronic signs will display texts referring to that period of time.
...................................................................................................................................................................................TEXTS REVISION II (December 2004)
ANECDOTE
By chance, I found a cardboard box labelled “1st Janu¬ary to 17th March 1971” containing around 100 black and white negatives supposedly taken by some com-mercial photographer. Among the images, some were of families in the typical pose required for the official large-family card.
DESCRIPTION
Underneath the usual advertising banners placed on the façade of Círculo de Bellas Artes five other ban¬ners are installed, each exhibiting the image of one of those unknown families. Underneath each of those photographs a luminous display shows texts referring to the year 1971, particularly the period 1st January to 17th March:
1. Anniversaries. 2. The family. 3. Art in Spain in 1971. 4. Círculo de Bellas Artes. 5. Updated daily news.
COMMEMORATIVE AND DOCUMENTARY IMAGE
The emergence of photography dealt a death blow to the paintings of history. The commemorative and documentary role of these paintings was replaced with the faster and more reliable photographic report.
History disappears as the subject of works of modern art - possibly El Guernica was the last. The portrait is another area which photography and new image-recording media practically stole from the “fine arts” and if it occasionally continues to be considered art, it is within these modern disciplines.
The subject of the family has been present through¬out the history of western art. We only have to refer to the busts of Roman ancestors, the Sagradas Familias, the royal families painted by Velázquez or Goya, the bourgeois families portrayed by the Dutch, the aris¬tocratic ones by Reynolds and the modern ones by Hockney. Although the images of Familias encontra¬das can be easily framed in this subject, the texts that appear in the five electronic signs that accompany them refer us to the society of the moment those pho¬tos were taken. The concept of the family is extended to encompass Spanish people and the rest of human¬ity. Obviously, what was happening in the world af¬ fected the protagonists of the photographs and all of us already here.
But in this case, the aim is not just to document or commemorate, or make an exhaustive sociological analysis of the situation of the family or Spanish art in the last years of Franco’s dictatorship, nor to nostalgically emphasise those decisive years of our own personal history. The aim is to place a common anchorage point in the collective memories – its election was accidental- from which to stretch our memory to the present. We will realise, if we have the patience to read the different texts, that in thirty-four years we have changed a lot and we haven’t changed at all. Seen from a distance, the red lines of the electronic signs move without advancing.
PUBLIC ART AND INTIMACY
If this piece is not cynic and impatient, if it doesn’t refer to political or citizens’ problems, and doesn’t intend to question customs or abuses, if it tends to be a drag, if it goes against the current and encloses most discredited values of today’s art: historicism, sociology, portrait and literature…, if this work seems inopportune for all these reasons, more so if it intends to deal with personal issues in public space.
In order to achieve objectivism, modern art seems to have left aside, apart from subjectivity, every connection to intimate life. It seems inconvenient, today, for any artistic work to deal with existential issues. As if each person’s inner life were something that others, society or art shouldn’t mind. That’s probably why we tend to think that we have seen it all. Therefore, History being trapped, the personal realm forbidden, and memory withdrawn, a void is created that someone will fill by selling us a cell phone through which we may spend our time talking for hours and hours about things that happen while we speak.
In contrast with the hustle and bustle of Gran Vía, and competing with marketing’s seductions, in a direction opposite to art’s current trends, it is, finally, a work that deals with the concept of time and people. About the passing of.. About the sense of suffocation, the fact that we uselessly agitate and expire, brief microscopic lives that emerge and evaporate while the final texture seems to remain the same. Not much, extremely subtle vibrations. To fix an image in the current of time is but to express the wish for something to have meaning.
05intb3449, 05intb3450
2007. Fernando Baena. MIERDA DE CABALLOS Y PRÍNCIPES
FORMAT: DVD PAL/COLOR/SOUND: SPANISH NACIONAL ANTHEMLENGTH: 2:12 MINYEAR: 2006
Horse and prince manure is a piece of reality: pomp and representation of power, guards on horseback, Rolls Royce’s and national hymn. Powerful men and servants in the 21st century.
07auve1559, 07autb1496, 07autc1514
2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (location)
Círculo de Bellas Artes, Alcalá street façade
05intd0583
2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (published text: book)
By chance, I found a cardboard box labelled “1ST JANUARY TO 17TH MARCH 1971” containing around 100 black and white negatives supposedly taken by some commercial photographer. Among the images, some were of families in the typical pose required for the official large-family card.
Description
Underneath the usual advertising banners placed on the façade of Círculo de Bellas Artes five other banners are installed, each exhibiting the image of one of those unknown families. Underneath each of those photographs a luminous display shows texts referring to the year 1971, particularly the period 1st January to 17th March:
Anniversaries. The family. Art in Spain in 1971. Círculo de Bellas Artes. Updated daily news.
Commemorative and documentary image
The emergence of photography dealt a death blow to the paintings of history. The commemorative and documentary role of these paintings was replaced with the faster and more reliable photographic report. History disappears as the subject of works of modern art - possibly El Guernica was the last. The portrait is another area which photography and new image-recording media practically stole from the “fine arts” and if it occasionally continues to be considered art, it is within these modern disciplines.
The subject of the family has been present throughout the history of western art. We only have to refer to the busts of Roman ancestors, the Sagradas Familias, the royal families painted by Velázquez or Goya, the bourgeois families portrayed by the Dutch, the aristocratic ones by Reynolds and the modern ones by Hockney. Although the images of Familias encontradas can be easily framed in this subject, the texts that appear in the five electronic signs that accompany them refer us to the society of the moment those photos were taken. The concept of the family is extended to encompass Spanish people and the rest of humanity. Obviously, what was happening in the world affected the protagonists of the photographs and all of us already here.
But in this case, the aim is not just to document or commemorate, or make an exhaustive sociological analysis of the situation of the family or Spanish art in the last years of Franco’s dictatorship, nor to nostalgically emphasise those decisive years of our own personal history. The aim is to place a common anchorage point in the collective memories – its election was accidental- from which to stretch our memory to the present. We will realise, if we have the patience to read the different texts, that in thirty-four years we have changed a lot and we haven’t changed at all. Seen from a distance, the red lines of the electronic signs move without advancing.
Fragments of the texts that are projected in the luminous signs.
ANNIVERSARIES [1st of January – 17th of March 1971]
9th January– The American Junior Chamber of Commerce presents Elvis as one of the ten most extraordinary young North Americans.10th January– The French designer Gabrielle "Cocó" Chanel dies. 11th January– The Assuan Dam in Egypt is inaugurated. 12th January– The DIA informs that Guatemalan forces have “silently eliminated” hundreds of “terrorists and bandits” in the country side.13th January– 70 Brazilian guerrillas board a plane in Río de Janeiro bound for Allende’s Chile.14th January– Vente a Alemania, Pepe is premiered and seen by 2,078,570 spectators.15th January– Public execution of Ernest Ouandié, leader of the UPC (Cameroon).16th January– The Spanish tennis player, Sergi Bruguera, is born. 17th January– The vision of ETA VI Asamblea prevails, when a commando group kidnaps a well-known industrialist in the Basque Country whose factory was on strike.ART IN SPAIN IN 1971
Alexandre Cirici i Pellicer takes part in establishing the Asamblea de Catalunya, and is jailed for one week.Rafael Canogar wins the Grand Prix in the Biennial of Sao Paulo.The Rodríguez Acosta Foundation announces the XII Exhibition-Contest on the subject of “Women”. The prizes range from 100,000 to 25.000 pesetas.The first symptoms appear of the illness that would end the life of Juan Eduardo Cirlot. Later that year he would undergo a pancreas cancer operation.The art collection of the Museo Nacional de Arte Moderno is divided up. The 19th century paintings went to the Museo del Prado. The 20th century paintings went to the newly opened Museo Español de Arte Contemporáneo, in a building designed by the architect, Jaime López de Asiaín, located in Ciudad Universitaria.Last edition of the Salón Femenino de Arte Actual. The project for the Museo de Escultura al Aire Libre de Madrid is approved. The close relationship between Eusebio Sempere and the authors of the works or their families means that all the works are donated to the museum.THE SPANISH FAMILY IN 1971The first baby born in Madrid in 1971 was a girl. She weighed four kilos and was born to Amparo Paloma Ortiz and Francisco Barrado Mateo. When marrying a foreigner, Spanish women automatically lost the Spanish nationality and were considered foreigners. They were given a residence card, their academic qualifications were not longer valid, they could not join the civil service and needed a work permit to be employed in any other job. The Council of Ministers approves a Decree on 8th of January to introduce improvements to family protection by raising the monthly family benefits by 25%: a man receives 375 pesetas for having a wife; 250 pesetas for each child; 6,000 pesetas for getting married; and 3,000 pesetas for each newborn child. After 15 years of marriage, Manuel dies on the 5th January 1971 due to the burns inflicted by his wife when she threw a pan of boiling hot water, to which she had added a corrosive substance, over him whilst he was asleep. The absolute values of Spanish families are the indissolubility of marriage, the procreation of the highest possible number of children, the predominant role of the father as head of the family and the subordinate role of women of biological reproduction and household chores.CIRCULO DE BELLAS ARTES IN 1971
Extraordinary act in the Teatro de Bellas Artes to present the gold medals and the Silver Minerva, which are awarded since 1965. In total, thirty eight medals were awarded. The act includes the premiered monologue by the President of Círculo de Bellas Artes, Joaquín Calvo Sotelo, with the title Pis. The 1971 Francisco Alcántara award was handed to the sculptor Luis Montoya for his work Cabeza. The Best Poster of the Year Award, with a prize of 100,000 pesetas, was not awarded to anyone. The Gold Medal of Círculo de Bellas Artes was awarded to the billiard player, Avelino Rodríguez Rico. In March 1971 an exhibition was held on La marioneta, together with children and adults’ sessions performed by the group Peralta and Alcaráz. June 1971 Círculo de Bellas Artes organises a Corrida Goyesca fully dedicated to bullfighting on horseback.From 12/04/1971 to 14/04/1971 Círculo de Bellas Artes holds the Spanish Three-cushion Interclub Billiard Championship.
05intc0520
2005. Fernando Baena. FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS (published text: web)
By chance I found a carton box labelled : January 1st 1971 to March 17th. The box contained nearly 100 black and white photo negatives which were apparently taken by an anonymous photographer. Amongst the images, there are photos of families in the typical pose used in those days for the official identity card of large families. That is how we used to pose in the final years of the dictatorship. Are there any similarities with us today?
Below the normal publicity posters of the Circle of Fine Arts another five will be placed, each one with an image of one of these unknown families. To give context to the images, five electronic signs will display texts referring to that period of time.
06intc0522
2005. Fernando Baena (Cv)
CÓRDOBA, 1962LIVES AND WORKS IN MADRIDHTTP://WWW.FERNANDOBAENA.COM/WORK EXPOSED IN MADRID ABIERTO: FAMILIAS ENCONTRADAS
SOLO EXHIBITIONS
2004 Ligero de equipaje. O Castelinho, Río de Janeiro, Brasil.2003 Caminos de Fernán-Núñez. Galería Magda Bellotti, Madrid.2001 Spanish executives. Bamboo Curtain Studio, Taipei, Taiwan.1999 De la economía. Sala de Arte del Ayuntamiento de Málaga. 606 m. de cuerda deshecha a mano II. Galería Valle Quintana, Tránsito, Toledo.1998 606 m. de cuerda deshecha a mano. Galería Valle Quintana, Madrid. Desaprovechamiento de 128048580 cm3. de espacio expositivo de ZAT, Madrid. Escenario. Cruce, Madrid.1997 Trile. Cruce, Madrid. 1996 Estoy aquí. Cruce, Madrid. No-separados y no-unidos. Palacio de la Merced, Córdoba.1994 Pasillo. El Ojo Atómico, Madrid.1993 Sobre Mallarmé. Museo Municipal de Palma del Río, Córdoba.1992 Haz y envés. Galería Dziekanka, Varsovia,Polonia.1991 Centro de Recursos Culturales, Madrid.1990 Galería Carmen Romero. Marbella, Málaga.1988 Ayuntamiento de Fernán-Núñez, Córdoba.1987 Centro Cultural Huerta de la Salud, Madrid.1986 Colegio de Arquitectos de Córdoba. Librería-Galería El Alef, Córdoba.1985 Palacio Ducal de Fernán-Núñez, Córdoba.1984 Ayuntamiento de Fernán-Núñez, Córdoba.
GROUP EXHIBITIONS
2004 Caminos de Fernán-Núñez. CO.04: Sala Puerta Nueva, Córdoba; Fundación Vázquez Díaz, Nerva, Huelva; Museo de Adra, Almería. In Memoriam. Loop´04, Barcelona. Galería Magda Bellotti, Madrid. [R] [R] [F] 2004--->XP: Basics Festival, Salzburgo, Austria; Electronic Art Meeting, Pescara, Italia; VI Salon y Coloquio International de Arte Digital, La Havana, Cuba; The International Festival of New Film/New Media, Split, Croacia; Public Space_Festival Yerewan, Armenia; West Coast Nomusic & Electronic Arts Festival Stavanger, Noruega; Biennale of Electronic Art Perth, Australia; 1er International Digital Art Exhibition - Orilla'04. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Art/Foro Universitario Santa Fe, Argentina; FILE - Electronic Language Festival. Sao Paulo, Brasil; 404 - Electronic Art Festival. Juan B. Castagnino Art Museum, Rosario, Argentina Karaoke. Festival 143 delicias, L'Antic Teatre. Barcelona; Presentación de SOS Emergin Sumergin Art. Doméstico, Madrid; Control Remoto, MUCA-Roma, México D.F.
2003 Inclassificados 0. Espaço Bananeiras. Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Inclassificados 1. Espacios SESC. Itinerante, Brasil. Vídeo del deseo III. Barrios creando barrios, Madrid; MAD.03 Alterno, Madrid. Infra-Lavapiés 03. Barrios creando barrios, Madrid; MAD.03 Alterno, Madrid. Tres cuadros de corrala. Barrios creando barrios, Madrid; MAD.03 Alterno, Madrid. 36 caídas en Cerro Muriano. MAD.03 Digit, Madrid Karaoke. Mínima 2003, Gandía III Festival de Vídeo143 Delicias. Madrid. Un ejecutivo español, aprox. Art Palace, Madrid Deshaciendo el camino. Mirador, Berzosa del Lozoya, Madrid2002 Estoy aquí. Desesculturas. Castillo de Santa Bárbara, Alicante; Círculo de BBAA, Madrid. Negro. A Caixa. Brasilia, Brasil. Spitting image (con L.H.F.A.). El Papel del Papel. Galería Moriarti, Madrid. La Ira. Ardearganda, Arganda del Rey, Madrid. Karaoke. XXXII Festival de Cine de Alcalá de Henares. Madrid; I Festival de Vídeo de Ibi, Alicante. La fuga. Per amor a l´art, Palma de Mallorca. Sustitución de doce objetos. Casas y Calles, Madrid. Passport (con L.H.F.A). Coslart, Coslada, Madrid. Prácticas de invisibilidad V. Ven y Vino, Galería Chofereta, Madrid.2001 Coma. Sala de Exposiciones de Plaza de España de la Comunidad de Madrid. El baile de mi Tani (con L.H.F.A.). Érase una vez... Lavapiés, Madrid. Un ejecutivo español, aprox. III Bienal de Artes Plásticas, Córdoba Vídeo del Deseo. Festival de Sesenta Piedras, Hualien, Taiwán.2000 Coma. Overgaden, Copenhague, Dinamarca. 19.973.196 cm2 de la Galería Valle Quintana. Galería Valle Quintana, Madrid. Balones. Llocs Lliures, Xavea. 25 artistas, aproximadamente. Revista caminada nº 8. Ventas, Madrid. Performance torera VI. Homenaje a José Ángel Valente. Torrelodones, Madrid.1999 Venta El Tigre (con L.H.F.A.). Espacios Cruzados, Univ. Autónoma, Madrid. Venta El Tigre (con L.H.F.A). La ciudad y la tierra. Cruce, Madrid. Hogar. Window 99, Madrid. Monumento a la propiedad privada V. Rehabi(li)tar Lavapiés, Madrid.1998 Línea de azufre. Ex. Facultad de Bellas Artes de Madrid. Spanish executives, 30 m2, approximately. Overgaden, Copenhague. Ropa Vieja. Abierto. Cruce, Madrid. Prácticas de invisibilidad III. Revista caminada nº4. La Latina, Madrid. Prácticas de invisibilidad IV. IV Encuentro de performance. Pola de Lena, Asturias. Pídola. Revista caminada nº6. Lavapiés, Madrid.1997 Residuos. Purgatori, Valencia. Cesta de Navidad. Zona de Acción Temporal, Madrid. Performances en Fotomatón. De viva veu. ARCO 97, Madrid. Performance torera IV. Revista Aire. ARCO 97, Madrid. Espectador. Revista caminada nº1.Tetuán, Madrid. Muerte violenta (seis versiones). Vélez de Benaudalla, Granada. Performance torera V. Revista caminada nº2. Atocha, Madrid. Prácticas de invisibilidad. Per amor a l´art, Palma de Mallorca. Prácticas de invisibilidad II. Revista caminada nº especial. Palma de Mallorca. Bucle. Revista caminada nº3. Lavapiés, Madrid.1996 Programa. Sin Número. Arte de Acción. Círculo de BBAA. Madrid. Movimiento e Inercia. Universidad de Valencia. Araña. Calefacción y agua caliente en todos los pisos. Círculo de BBAA. Madrid. Escarabajo pelotero. Arte Algo. Navalagamella, Madrid. Performance torera I. De Viva Voz. Revista hablada nº2. Gal. Gayo Arte, Madrid. Performance torera II. Revista caminada nº0. Lavapiés, Madrid. Performance torera III. Teoría y Práctica de la Acción. Cruce, Madrid.1995 Improvisación. Encrucijadas. Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos, Córdoba. 1994 Cubo. Islam y Arte Contemporáneo. Palacio de Congresos y Exposiciones, Córdoba. Vigas. El artista es una abstracción. Cruce, Madrid. Nichos. Pintar el museo. Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes, Córdoba.1993 II Encuentro y Nuevas formas de creación. Granada. Círculo. Estable-cimiento, Madrid. III Festival Internacional de Arte Raro y Performances. Madrid. I Beca de Artes Plásticas. Diputación de Córdoba.1992 En el abismo del milenio. Palau de la Música, Valencia. Córdoba Arte Contemporáneo 1957 - 1990. Córdoba. Minuesa. II Festival Internacional de Arte Raro y Performance. Madrid.1991 Galería Válgamedios, Madrid.1990 Circuitos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Centro de Recursos Culturales, Madrid. Galería Carmen Romero. Marbella, Málaga.1989 22 sub 35. Sala de Capitulares. Córdoba. Galería Carmen Romero. Marbella, Málaga. 1988 7 pintores 7. Diputación de Córdoba y CajaSur, Madrid. 4 Angular. Casa de Cultura de Fuengirola, Málaga.1987 Libros de Cabecera. Librería-Galería El Alef, Córdoba.1986 Colegio de Arquitectos de Sevilla. Galería Villalar, Madrid.1985 Espacio P, Madrid. Boulev’art 85. Nîmes. Pintores de Emergencia. Posada del Potro, Córdoba.1984 Jaima Cultural. Córdoba. Itinerante. La Carbonería. Sevilla.
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
Álvarez Enjuto, J. M. ‘En el curso del margen’, Catálogo C. R. C. Madrid, 1991 Álvarez Enjuto, J. M. ‘Fernando Baena’, Revista LÁPIZ nº 149 -150, 1999 Álvarez Reyes, J. A. ‘La clausura de l'espai d'exposicio’, Papers d´Art nº68, 1996 Álvarez Reyes, J. A. ‘En proceso’, Catálogo CoMa. Comunidad de Madrid, 2001 Castaño A. ‘Fernando Baena’, ABC Cultural nº255, 1996 Castro, Fdo. ‘Un lugar crítico’, Catálogo Ojo Atómico, 1996 Castro, Fdo. ‘Un lugar crítico’, Revista CIMAL nº50, 1998 Castro, Fdo. ‘La épica escultórica de Fernando Baena’, ABC Cultural. nº369, 1998 Castro, Fdo. ‘Chapuzas a domicilio’. Catálogo De la Economía, Sala de Arte del Ayto. de Málaga. 1999 Castro, I. ‘Residencia’. Catálogo Estoy aquí, A. C. Cruce, 1996 Castro de , Mª A. Catálogo Galería Dziekanka, 1992 Cereceda, M. ‘De los diversos modos de desperdiciar la vida’. Catálogo De la Economía, Sala de Arte del Ayto. de Málaga. 1999 Cereceda, M. ‘Desesculturas’. Cat. Desesculturas, Fundación Eduardo Capa, 2002 Clot, M. ‘Extensiones de experiencia’. Catálogo No-separados y no-unidos, 1995 Gabilondo, A. ‘Por los detalles’. Catálogo Escenarios, A. C. Cruce, 1998 García Yelo, M. ‘Koch/Baena’. ABC Cultural nº617. 2003 Herrera. I. ‘¿Hay alguien ahí?’. Catálogo Estoy aquí, A. C. Cruce, 1996 Jurado, M. Catálogo Especulación, A.C.Cruce,1993 Kendzulak, S. ‘A reminder to us all’, Taipei Times, 9 septiembre, 2001 Llorca, P. ‘La escultura desarticulada’. Cat. Desesculturas. Fund. Eduardo Capa, 2002 Olmo, S. ‘Escenarios para una disolución’. Cat. Desesculturas. Fund. Eduardo Capa, 2002 Pérez Villén, A.L. ‘F.B. Proceso artístico y naturaleza’. Revista El Guía nº6, 1990 Pérez Villén, A.L. ‘Sólo pintura’. Catálogo Especulación, 1993 Pérez Villén, A.L. ‘La restauración de la pintura y F.B’. Cuadernos del Sur, 1993 Pérez Villén, A.L. Catálogo Pintar el museo, 1994 Pérez Villén, A.L. ‘Fernando Baena’. Revista Lápiz nº111, 1995 Pérez Villén, A.L. ‘Otra escultura andaluza’. Revista Lápiz nº116, 1995 Pérez Villén, A.L. Catálogo Encrucijadas, 1995 Pérez Villén, A.L. ‘Una mirada retrospectiva’. Cat. No-separados y no-unidos, 1995 Pozuelo, A.H. ‘Eva Koch y Fernando Baena’. El Cultural El Mundo, 27-11-2003. Navarro, M. ‘Escenarios de Mayo y Baena’. ABC Cultural nº335, 1998 Navarro, M. ‘Fernando Baena’. El Cultural La Razón nº7, 1998 VV.AA. Catálogo Córdoba arte contemporáneo, 1990
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